Web 3.0 is amazing? Don’t ignore the risks behind
Decentralization is the essence, why did it start to ferment after 20 years?
The rise of Web 3.0 further drives the wave of metaverse and NFT, and its biggest feature is the proportion of user dominance. In Web 3.0, the dominance of Web 1.0 and Web 2.0 is not as strong as that of the previous Web 1.0 and Web 2.0. In the 3.0 era, it is difficult for large technology giants such as Google, Facebook, Twitter, Amazon to collect consumers’ personal information, usage records, consumption Habits, Internet footprints. If we further observe the development history of the Internet, the Web 1.0 era emphasized static pages that only provide user information content in one direction, while the 2.0 era we are currently in is based on technology giants such as Google, Meta, Amazon, Twitter, and Tencent. Web 3.0 is based on blockchain technology for “decentralization”, and its main features are Verifiable, Trustless, Permissionless ), its derived applications and services, such as NFT (non-fungible tokens), DeFi (decentralized finance), dapp (decentralized applications), etc., emphasize immutability and reduce transaction costs, etc. Characteristics, attracting many enterprises and even government agencies into the arms. However, what most people don’t know is that Web 3.0 was proposed in 2001, and it has been developing for more than 20 years. Why has it experienced explosive growth recently?
The father of the World Wide Web, Tim Berners-Lee, proposed the term Semantic Web in 2005. The core of the term is that computers will be able to simulate human behavior to provide and process various content, and at the same time, users will be able to freely publish without permission and inspection from specific institutions. Information; In 2014, Gavin Wood, co-founder of Ethereum (Ethereum, a decentralized open source public blockchain platform with smart contract functions), further strengthened his definition: “There should be a way to replace HTTP, AJAX and other traditional Web technology to replace the monopoly of Web 2.0”, the monopoly here refers to the natural monitoring of technology companies collecting a large amount of personal information, making money by advertising, and censoring the content published by users. In the era of 3.0, there is no central control point in the Internet world.
It is like eliminating the intermediary between manufacturers and consumers. No one can block the transmission of data. Information will not only be in a fixed location, but will be stored in a decentralized way. The online world will be more transparent and free. Of course, artificial intelligence still plays an important role in Web 3.0, and the importance of data and algorithms for semantic understanding will only increase unabated, even in the development of emerging materials, customized advertising, online shopping, and the establishment of climate assessments. model etc.
Some enterprises and governments still cannot accept that
everything has advantages and disadvantages. The above-mentioned technology giants and governments that emphasize centralized system may be full of rejection of Web 3.0, and because 3.0 itself is not yet mature, the following problems still exist:
(1) The transaction speed in the decentralization zone is slow, and if there is any change in the payment process, it needs to be handled by miners;
(2) Hate speech, cybercrime and misinformation are difficult to supervise themselves, and Web 3.0 may facilitate the expansion of these harmful information;
(3) The cost of technology research and development is still expensive, and it is almost impossible to popularize it temporarily;
(4) Due to the decentralization relationship, it is extremely difficult to convict and trace the harm caused by speech. All in all, the challenge of digital ethics is a major issue for Web 3.0.
In addition, blockchain technology is not completely secure, such as the “Wormhole”, an important bridge connecting the two major blockchains of Ethereum and Solana in February this year .It was hacked and lost more than 300 million US dollars (about 10 billion Taiwan dollars). Common methods include “Double-spending”.
This attack method is that if the intruder has more than 50% of the computing power in the blockchain, he has the ability to create a new chain with a length greater than the original chain to replace the original chain. , make it invalid; or “Sybil attack” (Sybil attack) against each node of the blockchain, misleading users, sending data to the wrong node, causing the whole system to be paralyzed, common sybil attacks include DNS, BGP, Eclipse, etc. , and the most common distributed blocking attack DDoS is also one of the methods. Web 3.0 is still a primitive jungle, there are many opportunities and many threats.